Personality Traits of Elementary students through handwriting analysis in District Rawalpindi(Pakistan) by Faiza Aslam.

 

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Aim of study

The objective of  this study is  to know the students and their problems by analyzing their hand writing.

 Handwriting which we see as a basis for understanding how a human behaves can be taken a step

 further to assess the mind, particularly in psychology. The real purpose of handwriting analysis is to

 acquire and teach self-understanding.  Graphology helps us to know the students, their behavior

 problems analyzing by their handwriting sample. Because of technology we are getting away from our

 children and they don’t want to talk about their problems openly, they want their own space specially

 the students of elementary level of age (12-14) who were entering in teenage. Teenagers of elementary

 who were experiencing physical and mentally changes by the influence of society challenges adopting

 from home, friends, society and especially from electronic media, cell phone, television and internet.

 Method

The data is collected from 155 Students in the form of handwriting sample which were thoroughly

 analyzed under nine major features each features have 4 to 5 different traits which were selected by the

 researcher. Data analysis is in descriptive form. Handwriting features analyzed and describe specific

 quality. For this purpose, we got data from student`s handwriting sample which have been analyzed

 according to writing features baseline, size, slant, pen pressure zone, spacing, margin, letter 'i' and

 letter 't' to analysis the personality of students.

The sample of each student analyzed to get the result, firstly each handwriting feature and their types

 set individually to got the final result which showed maximum feature type used by all students’ girls

 and boys separately.

Research Objective 

The objective of this research is as following.

This research is conducted for following purpose.

1. To profile which are main features of hand writing.

2. To find the personality traits indicated by specific feature of hand writing.

3. To find which handwriting features are maximum used by the Elementary students.

4. To check similarity in handwriting feature between girls and boys.

In this research we analyze the hand writing which help teachers to know student's personality traits.

Research Questions 

In this research the researcher explains by examine the personality traits associated by handwriting

 features of elementary students, grade 6th ,7th& 8th class to answers the following questions.

Q1. Which zone feature maximum number of students used at Elementary level?

Q2.  Which type of baseline maximum students used at Elementary level?

Q3. Which slants feature maximum number of students used at Elementary level?

Q4.  Which type of size maximum number of students used at Elementary level?

Q5.  Which type of spacing feature maximum number of students used at Elementary level?

Q6. Which type of margin maximum number of students used at Elementary level?

Q7. Which type of strokes & shapes feature maximum number of students used at Elementary level?

Q8. Which type of i-dot feature maximum number of students used at Elementary level?

Q9. Which type of t-bar feature maximum number of students used at Elementary level?

Q10. Which personality traits used by maximum number of elementary students (boys/girls)?

 LITERATURE REVIEW OF GRAPHOLOGY

In the seventeenth century, it was for the first time that researchers show their interest in studying the handwriting. For this paper, a lot of paper and a past study on graphology has been taken into

 consideration. 

To find different features like margin, slant, etc. Some literature was surveyed for the study of what

 different personality traits were inferred by all of these features like that of Introvert, Extrovert, Social,

 Egoistic, Selfless and many more proposed an offline, handwriting analysis tool called “HABIT”

 which stands for Handwriting analysis Based Individualistic Traits Prediction which is used to detect the

 personality characteristics of writer from the given scanned image of a writer`s handwriting sample.

 A rule base system whose input parameters are the baseline, height of the t-bar, and shape of the loop of

 letter 'y'. This system predicts the Personality Traits from these features. The baseline was found using

 methods, the position of  't' bar and slant of writing and other features like baseline, slant, size, margin

 etc. from handwritten document image for personality. (Dartmouth,1943) proposed a neural network

 system to know the psyche of the person through handwriting sample of the writer. Educational

 psychology review contemporary handwriting research has focused on skilled performance, the

 developing capabilities of children, a typical development, the effectiveness of various letter forms.

Critically reviews and synthesizes research conducted between (1980) and (1994) in each of these

 areas, providing suggestions for future research. Considerable progress was made during this time

 period in understanding the processes involved in handwriting control and development as well as in

 teaching students with handwriting difficulties.

Importance of Graphology

Graphology or handwriting Analysis is a scientific method of recognizing understanding personality through study different feature of handwriting. Professional examiner of hand writing is called graphologist predict the personality of any person by handwriting sample. In fact graphologists are exceptionally fortunate in that they see before them, in black and white. 

When you get to know a person's handwriting well enough, you recognize whose script it is, just as if it were a well-known painting or photograph. In this paper, method has been proposed to predict the behavior of a person from these features extracted from his hand writing. The personal traits revealed by baseline, size, slant, pen pressure zone, spacing, margin, letter 'i' and letter 't'.

Personality Traits by Handwriting Features

People differ from one another on behaviors related to their traits. Using speech is not a personality trait and neither is walking on two feet virtually all individuals do these activities, and there are almost no individual differences. But people differ on how frequently they talk and how active they are, and thus Personality traits indicate by handwriting features are as following.

 Handwriting Features

Following are handwriting features which show different personality traits.

 i. Zone   

 There are 3 basic zones.        4. Balanced Zone:  Qualities of  all zones included.

1. Upper zone letters These letters are (b, d, h, k, l, t) shows Imagination, Idealism, Aspiration.

2. Middle zone letters These letters are (a ,c ,e ,I , m ,n ,o ,r ,s ,u ,v ,w ,x)shows present, logic, reality.

3. Lower zone letters These letters are (g, j, p, q, y, z) shows biological needs, Physical force

4. Balanced Zone:  Qualities included all zones.

shows planning, confidence, conclusion.                      

ii. Base line

⦁ Straight- Straight Forward

⦁ Rigid- Ambitious, Fear of losing control

⦁ Rising-Optimistic, think positive  

iv. Writing Size

Size reveals how much importance the writer places upon his own actions. 

large            It shows extroverted, like audience.

Small           It shows ability to concentrate and be alone, Modesty, Introverted, frugal, 

                        Self-critical.    

Average       It shows mature, careful nature.

Variable       It shows different moods, unpredictable.

V. Spacing   The spacing shows the personal space, extrovert or introvert, friendly or 

                              Self-conscious.

⦁ Narrow          introvert, self-conscious

⦁ Wide              need privacy

⦁ Tangling lines   Confusion

⦁ Irregular      seek constant closeness

vi. Margin

The page is a space where the individual fill with script shows how he will approach the World. The left

 side of the paper represents the Past from where the writer starts, and the right side symbolizes his

 goals and shows the Future.

Placement on the page also show the person's social, cultural, and artistic tendencies, or a lack of these

 and Unconscious feelings toward space and its use give clues to the person's self-esteem and how he

 will relate to others.

vii. Strokes and Shapes

The Handwriting pattern showed different shapes and strokes. Which reveal the mindset of writer?

 Strokes are the flow of hand movement gets by the Brain.

These Strokes and Shapes reveal the mindset.

⦁ Round            friendly, peace loving.

⦁ Threaded      creative, quick minded, diplomatic.

⦁ Angular        energetic, aggressive.

⦁ Mixed           friendly, quick minded, energetic

⦁ Falling- Over sensitive, depressed, pessimistic

viii.  i-Dot

It shows the goal or aspiration

It showed by the position of i-Dot.

i-dot far

High goals in life, hardworking, choose different things from others.

i-dot near

Focused, having good memory, concentrate. 

ix. t-bar     

⦁ Above t-bar

⦁ high t-bar

⦁ low t-bar

⦁ balance t-bar

Research Method

In this project Qualitative and Quantitative both methodologies were used. Handwriting samples were

 taken by students by visiting different schools. The samples were analyzed and checked personality

 traits of all students. 

Population of study

All students of Elementary level schools public and private were included in this report of Rawalpindi

 District. There are approximately 800 private and public school in Rawalpindi. 

Sample and Data

Data was collected from students (boys/girls) using convenient sampling. Only private school students

 were included in the sample due to non-availability of students in public schools during Covid-19. The

 samples of handwriting taken from 155 students from different schools. The data was collected from

 Private sector. The data was collected from 77 boys and 78 girls. This research   restricted the sample at

 least of two grades which were 7th and 8th grade, students between the age of 12-14 years.

Adopted Instruments 

This Research was  based on qualitative and quantitative design analyzed by the researcher

 with the help of given tools E.g., pen/pencil/paper/ruler written sample. 

The analysis charts distributed within the students to collect data. The researcher analysis the

 handwriting sample to see 9 features of handwriting to analyze baseline, size, slant, pen pressure, zone,

 spacing, margin, letter 'i' and letter 't'. Each Handwriting feature shows 3,4 and 5 options/types of

 different Personality Traits.

We need handwriting sample written on paper by pen or pencil etc. in order to take

 test we need the handwriting of both girls and boys. We need hand writing sample which included all

 alphabets so to check and do complete analysis. So, Graphologist Mike, M. suggested a sentence which

 I am using in my research that is "A quick brown fox jumps over the/a lazy dog" few line about

 yourself.

Analysis and Result

Maximum number Handwriting Feature of 155 students are as following

⦁ 45% of Students used Balance Zone

⦁ 75% of Students used Straight Baseline,

⦁ 76% of Students used Vertical Slant,

⦁ 56% of Students used Small Size of Handwriting,

⦁ 85% of Students used Wide Spacing,

⦁ 42% of Students used Balance Margin,

⦁ 47% of Students used Round Shape & Strokes,

⦁ 52% of Students used Balance t-Bar,

⦁ 35% of Students used i-Dot Far.

Maximum number Personality Traits of 155 students are as following.

⦁ 45% of Students do planning, confidence, conclusion

⦁ 75% of Students are Straight forward

⦁ 76% of Students are logical, not emotional.                                           

⦁ 56% of Students are Introverted, self critical

⦁ 85% of Students need privacy, distance from others

⦁ 42% of Students have esthetic sense, awareness of social boundaries

⦁ 47% of Students are peace loving, friendly

⦁ 52% of Students are organized, self controlled                                   

⦁ 35% of Students have high goals in life, hard working              

Conclusions

This study has been done for the purpose of identifying personality traits through manual way of

 handwriting analysis. Identification of personality traits of students in Rawalpindi through handwriting

 samples can be done by humans. It helps in investigation by determining the psychological state of the

 writer, identifying the writer. The various features of handwriting (such as, spacing, margins, pen

 pressure, size of the letters etc.) are discussed in this report as well as their significance in describing

 various behavioral aspects of the persons.

Data analysis 

Data analysis is in descriptive form. Handwriting features analyzed and describe specific quality. For

 this purpose, we got data from student`s handwriting sample which have been analyzed according to

 writing features baseline, size, slant, pen pressure zone, spacing, margin, letter 'i' and letter 't' to

 analysis the personality of students.

The sample of each student analyzed to get the result, firstly each handwriting feature and their types set individually to got the final result which showed maximum feature type used by all students’ girls and boys separately.

Table  

         Maximum number of  Personality Traits all students 

Sr. Features                                 Personality Traits                     Maximum Percentage 

Zone (Balance)        planning, confidence, conclusion.                                        45%                                                                                     

Baseline (Straight line)         straight forward                                                       75%

Slant (Vertical Slant)           logical, not emotional.                                              76%

Size (Small Size )                Introverted, self critical.                                           56%

Spacing (Wide Spacing)        need privacy, distance from others.                        85%

Margin (Balance)             esthetic sense, awareness of social boundaries.            42%                     

Strokes & shape (Round)         Peace loving, friendly.                                          47%

t- Bar (Balance t-Bar)               organized, self controlled                                     52%

i-Dots (Far i-Dot)                   high goals in life, hard working                             35%                 

Maximum number Handwriting Feature of 155 students are as following

1. 45% of Students used Balance Zone

2. 75% of Students used Straight Baseline,

3. 76% of Students used Vertical Slant,

4. 56% of Students used Small Size of Handwriting,

5. 85% of Students used Wide Spacing,

6. 42% of Students used Balance Margin,

7. 47% of Students used Round Shape & Strokes,

8. 52% of Students used Balance t-Bar,

9. 35% of Students used i-Dot Far.

Table 

       Maximum Percentage of Handwriting feature used by  all students 

Sr.      Features                              Out of 155 students               Maximum Percentage 

1       Zone (Balance Zone)                  32+38= 70                                        45%                                                                                             

2       Baseline (Straight line)               61+56= 117                                      75 %

3       Slant (Vertical Slant)                  62+56=118                                       76%

4       Size (Small)                                23+64=87                                         56%

5       Spacing (Wide Spacing)             62+71=133                                       85%                              

6       Margin (Balance)                        19+47=66                                         42%

7       Strokes & shape (Round)            27+47=74                                         47%

8       t- Bar (Balance)                           45+37=82                                         52%

 9      i-Dots (Far)                                  39+16=55                                         35%             

Maximum number Personality Traits of 155 students are as following.

1. 45% of Students do planning, confidence, conclusion

2. 75% of Students are Straight forward

3. 76% of Students are logical, not emotional.                                           

4. 56% of Students are Introverted, self critical

5. 85% of Students need privacy, distance from others

6. 42% of Students have esthetic sense, awareness of social boundaries

7. 47% of Students are peace loving, friendly

8. 52% of Students are organized, self controlled                                   

9. 35% of Students have high goals in life, hard working              

Result

In this research we studied the “Personality Trait” of different students and their personality, in Elementary level students boys and girls of 6th and 7th grade between 11-15 yrs age in Rawalpindi District (Pakistan) to found that ,Which personality traits present according to their age and classes and found  there accuracy level  in their results.

1. Balance Zone

46% boys used Dominating MZ (middle zone) means Planning, confidence, conclusion.

49% girls used Balance Zone means Present, logic, reality.

Girls having balanced qualities, imagination, logic and physical strength.

2. Straight Baseline

78% of girls used Straight Baseline means (Straight Forward).

 77% of boys used are Straight Baseline   means (Straight Forward).

3. Vertical Slant

79% of boys used mean Vertical Slant means (logical, not emotional).

 72% of girls used mean Vertical Slant means (logical, not emotional).

4. Average Size of handwriting

62% of boys used Average Size of handwriting means (mature, careful nature).

62% of girls used Large Size of handwriting (extroverted, like audience).

5. Wide Spacing

79% of boys used Wide Spacing means (need privacy, distance from others).

92% of girls used Wide Spacing means (need privacy, distance from others).

6. Margin

46% of boys used Wide right margin means (have courage, communicative).

 61% of girls used Balance margin  (aesthetic sense, awareness of social boundaries).

7 .Shape & Strokes

37% of boys used Mixed Shape & Strokes  means  (friendly, quick minded, energetic).              61% of girls used Round Shape & Strokes means  (Peace loving, friendly).

8. t-bar

57% of boys used Balance t-Bar means (organized, self controlled).

48% of girls used Balance t-Bar means (organized, self-controlled).

9.i-Dot 

50% of boys used i-Dot Far means (High goals in life and they are hard workers).

25% of girls used i-Dot very dark means (emphatic, over bearing)

Discussion

Teaching handwriting should be leant by all teachers of all grades in our educational systems. Many handwriting analyst proposed best personality traits handwriting which will help the students, teachers and all writers. 

Many countries have adopted specific kinds of writing to help children overcome difficulties in beginning days of learning. Handwriting predicts and explain problem in  the personality of any person by handwriting sample. In fact handwriting analysts are fortunate that they can see negative and positive aspects before its to late.

 In countries using an alphabetical  language, used simplified form is called (variously script, print script, or manuscript writing). Most children were expected to have similarity in handwriting by the age of eight or nine. In the United States, children then progressed from simplified to cursive (connected letter forms) writing, Although  21st century led to decline in cursive writing instruction. The handwriting scripts commonly taught to British children, after the initial experience with manuscript writing.

Teachers  emphasize correct formation of letter writing in schools, uniform letters, spacing  words and sentences, and speed of writing. Instruction begins with drawing or tracing. Great focused  paid to proper body and paper position, less force to proper arm movements. Many devices are made and used in  teaching handwriting eg. copying from letter, drills in drawing lines or circles, tracing of letter with pen or pencil. The various handwriting features can be analyzed in a given handwriting sample and they can tell a lot about the writer’s personality if they are observed carefully. 

Recommendation

(Future recommendation) Handwriting analysis should also be done in Urdu language as it became able to serve our teachers, parents nation wise for this purpose, I myself want to do to serve my country people.

Graphology empowers teachers with an extra dimension of understanding that every teacher can only dream about. Graphology is a process of analyzing writer`s personality. 

by the help of Graphology. Parents can understand their children in a better perspective & will came to know the strengths, weaknesses, likes, dislikes, skills, way of thinking.

When teachers start taking graphology as a method of healing, they are actually giving their children a bridge to overcome their fears and work towards bringing in positive changes within themselves.

i.    For students & family help to resolved sensitive issues.

ii.   Career guidance for job seeking employment. 

iii.  Training purpose where it  highlight staff abilities, strengths and weaknesses, potential and motivation.

iv. Security checking and the evaluation of honesty. 

When a teacher aware of handwriting analysis he/she can know sensitive students in their class easily E.g. shy, aggressive, attention seeker etc. A teacher will be able to

  understand the personalities of students with the help for main nine features which were discussed in this research. When a teacher has some knowledge of graphology teacher has a tool that can help to identify children with dominating personalities. 

 It helped teacher to keep a protective eye on students who are unable to protect them self. It’s important for teachers to have some knowledge of handwriting analysis. 

Students who change their handwriting were clearly undergoing certain issues or some changes affecting to them they can be negative and positive in both way. 

Handwriting analysis knowledge help the teacher to be aware of coming tackle problems and focused the student performance giving practice work of good handwriting features. 

A good teacher as you know have a long lasting and beneficial influence on a child’s life, strong feelings and emotions such as anger or frustration are always plain to see in handwriting.